《答客难》,作者:东方朔,朝代:汉。译文对照
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客难东方朔曰:“苏秦张仪,一当万乘之主。而身都卿相之位,泽及后世。今子大夫修先王之术,慕圣人之义,讽诵诗书百家之言,不可胜记。著于竹帛,唇膺而不可释,好学乐道之效,明白甚矣。自以为智能海内无双,则可谓博闻辩智矣。然悉力尽忠,以事圣帝,旷日持久,积数十年,官不过侍郎,位不过持戟。意者尚有遗行邪?同胞之徒,无所容居,其何故也?”
东方先生喟然长息,仰而应之,曰:“是故非子之所能备。彼一时也,此一时也,岂可同哉!夫苏秦张仪之时,周室大坏,诸侯不朝,力政争权,相擒以兵,并为十二国,未有雌雄。得士者强,失士者亡,故说得行焉。身处尊位,珍宝充内,外有仓廪,泽及后世,子孙长享。今则不然。圣帝德流,天下震慴,诸侯宾服,连四海之外以为带,安于覆盂。天下平均,合为一家,动发举事,犹运之掌。贤与不肖,何以异哉?遵天之道,顺地之理,物无不得其所。故绥之则安,动之则苦;尊之则为将,卑之则为虏;抗之则在青云之上,抑之则在深渊之下;用之则为虎,不用则为鼠。虽欲尽节效情,安知前后?夫天地之大,士民之众,竭精驰说,并进辐凑者,不可胜数。悉力慕之,困于衣食,或失门户。使苏秦张仪与仆并生于今之世,曾不得掌故,安敢望侍郎乎!传曰:‘天下无害,虽有圣人,无所施才;上下和同,虽有贤者,无所立功。’故曰:时异事异。
“虽然,安可以不务修身乎哉!诗曰:‘鼓钟于宫,声闻于外。鹤鸣九皐,声闻于天’苟能修身,何患不荣!太公体行仁义,七十有二,乃设用于文武,得信厥说,封于齐,七百岁而不绝。此士所以日夜孽孽,修学敏行,而不敢怠也。譬若鶺鴒,飞且鸣矣。……
“今世之处士,时虽不用,块然无徒,廓然独居,上观许由,下察接舆,计同范蠡,忠合子胥,天下和平,与义相扶,寡偶少徒,固其宜也。子何疑于予哉?若夫燕之用乐毅,秦之任李斯,郦食其之下齐,说行如流,曲从如环,所欲必得,功若丘山,海内定,国家安,是遇其时者也。子又何怪之邪?
“语曰:以管窥天,以蠡测海,以筳撞钟,岂能通其条贯,考其文理,发其音声哉?犹是观之,譬由鼱鼩之袭狗,孤豚之咋虎,至则靡耳,何功之有?今以下愚而非处士,虽欲勿困,固不得已。此适足以明其不知权变,而终惑于大道也。”
《答客难》译文解释
《答客难》注释大全
《答客难》拼音
Ke Nan Dong Fang Shuo Yue :“Su Qin Zhang Yi ,Yi Dang Mo Cheng Zhi Zhu 。Er Shen Dou Qing Xiang Zhi Wei ,Ze Ji Hou Shi 。Jin Zi Da Fu Xiu Xian Wang Zhi Shu ,Mu Sheng Ren Zhi Yi ,Feng Song Shi Shu Bai Jia Zhi Yan ,Bu Ke Sheng Ji 。Zhe Yu Zhu Bo ,Chun Ying Er Bu Ke Shi ,Hao Xue Le Dao Zhi Xiao ,Ming Bai Shen Yi 。Zi Yi Wei Zhi Neng Hai Nei Mo Shuang ,Ze Ke Wei Bo Wen Bian Zhi Yi 。Ran Xi Li Jin Zhong ,Yi Shi Sheng Di ,Kuang Ri Chi Jiu ,Ji Shu Shi Nian ,Guan Bu Guo Shi Lang ,Wei Bu Guo Chi Ji 。Yi Zhe Shang You Wei Hang Xie ?Tong Bao Zhi Tu ,Mo Suo Rong Ju ,Ji He Gu Ye ?”
Dong Fang Xian Sheng Kui Ran Chang Xi ,Yang Er Ying Zhi ,Yue :“Shi Gu Fei Zi Zhi Suo Neng Bei 。Bi Yi Shi Ye ,Ci Yi Shi Ye ,Qi Ke Tong Zai !Fu Su Qin Zhang Yi Zhi Shi ,Zhou Shi Da Huai ,Zhu Hou Bu Chao ,Li Zheng Zheng Quan ,Xiang Qin Yi Bing ,Bing Wei Shi Er Guo ,Wei You Ci Xiong 。De Shi Zhe Jiang ,Shi Shi Zhe Wang ,Gu Shui De Hang Yan 。Shen Chu Zun Wei ,Zhen Bao Chong Nei ,Wai You Cang Lin ,Ze Ji Hou Shi ,Zi Sun Chang Xiang 。Jin Ze Bu Ran 。Sheng Di De Liu ,Tian Xia Zhen She ,Zhu Hou Bin Fu ,Lian Si Hai Zhi Wai Yi Wei Dai ,An Yu Fu Yu 。Tian Xia Ping Jun ,Ge Wei Yi Jia ,Dong Fa Ju Shi ,You Yun Zhi Zhang 。Xian Yu Bu Xiao ,He Yi Yi Zai ?Zun Tian Zhi Dao ,Shun De Zhi Li ,Wu Mo Bu De Ji Suo 。Gu Sui Zhi Ze An ,Dong Zhi Ze Ku ;Zun Zhi Ze Wei Jiang ,Bei Zhi Ze Wei Lu ;Kang Zhi Ze Zai Qing Yun Zhi Shang ,Yi Zhi Ze Zai Shen Yuan Zhi Xia ;Yong Zhi Ze Wei Hu ,Bu Yong Ze Wei Shu 。Sui Yu Jin Jie Xiao Qing ,An Zhi Qian Hou ?Fu Tian De Zhi Da ,Shi Min Zhi Zhong ,Jie Jing Chi Shui ,Bing Jin Fu Cou Zhe ,Bu Ke Sheng Shu 。Xi Li Mu Zhi ,Kun Yu Yi Shi ,Huo Shi Men Hu 。Shi Su Qin Zhang Yi Yu Pu Bing Sheng Yu Jin Zhi Shi ,Ceng Bu De Zhang Gu ,An Gan Wang Shi Lang Hu !Chuan Yue :‘Tian Xia Mo Hai ,Sui You Sheng Ren ,Mo Suo Shi Cai ;Shang Xia He Tong ,Sui You Xian Zhe ,Mo Suo Li Gong 。’Gu Yue :Shi Yi Shi Yi 。
“Sui Ran ,An Ke Yi Bu Wu Xiu Shen Hu Zai !Shi Yue :‘Gu Zhong Yu Gong ,Sheng Wen Yu Wai 。He Ming Jiu Gao ,Sheng Wen Yu Tian ’Gou Neng Xiu Shen ,He Huan Bu Rong !Tai Gong Ti Hang Ren Yi ,Qi Shi You Er ,Nai She Yong Yu Wen Wu ,De Xin Jue Shui ,Feng Yu Ji ,Qi Bai Sui Er Bu Jue 。Ci Shi Suo Yi Ri Ye Nie Nie ,Xiu Xue Min Hang ,Er Bu Gan Dai Ye 。Pi Re Ji Ling ,Fei Ju Ming Yi 。……
“Jin Shi Zhi Chu Shi ,Shi Sui Bu Yong ,Kuai Ran Mo Tu ,Kuo Ran Du Ju ,Shang Guan Hu You ,Xia Cha Jie Yu ,Ji Tong Fan Li ,Zhong Ge Zi Xu ,Tian Xia He Ping ,Yu Yi Xiang Fu ,Gua Ou Shao Tu ,Gu Ji Yi Ye 。Zi He Yi Yu Yu Zai ?Re Fu Yan Zhi Yong Le Yi ,Qin Zhi Ren Li Si ,Li Shi Ji Zhi Xia Ji ,Shui Hang Ru Liu ,Qu Cong Ru Huan ,Suo Yu Bi De ,Gong Re Qiu Shan ,Hai Nei Ding ,Guo Jia An ,Shi Yu Ji Shi Zhe Ye 。Zi You He Guai Zhi Xie ?
“Yu Yue :Yi Guan Kui Tian ,Yi Li Ce Hai ,Yi Ting Zhuang Zhong ,Qi Neng Tong Ji Tiao Guan ,Kao Ji Wen Li ,Fa Ji Yin Sheng Zai ?You Shi Guan Zhi ,Pi You Jing Qu Zhi Xi Gou ,Gu Tun Zhi Za Hu ,Zhi Ze Mi Er ,He Gong Zhi You ?Jin Yi Xia Yu Er Fei Chu Shi ,Sui Yu Wu Kun ,Gu Bu De Yi 。Ci Kuo Zu Yi Ming Ji Bu Zhi Quan Bian ,Er Zhong Huo Yu Da Dao Ye 。”
《答客难》赏析摘录
《答客难》作者简介
东方朔(前154年-前93年),本姓张,字曼倩,平原厌次(今山东德州陵县神头镇)人,西汉著名词赋家,幽默风趣且才华横溢,在政治方面也颇具天赋,他曾言政治得失,陈农战强国之计,但当时的皇帝始终把他当俳优看待,不以重用。
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